Alcoholic Liver Disease is related with wide range of morphological and clinical changes from steatosis to fibrosis to inflammation and necrosis. Increased serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferaseis shownby patients with alcoholic liver disease, which proved its evidence of liver injury. Severity is not found correlated to amount of alcohol consumed as many regular heavy drinkers develop steatosis and only about 30% developed hepatitis; and less than 10% progressed to cirrhosis.
Hepatic steatosis and inflammation with resistance to insulin are the symptoms shown by patient with liver disease which creates hindrance to carve out the contribution of obesity only or Insulin Resistance to the development of disease.
In an attempt to identify novel genes and pathways for the development of alcohol-induced steatohepatitis and Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease that mimic the human disease has been achieved by development of chromosome substitution strains to make possible to generate unbiased approach for the genes identification in liver disease development. Advantages of chromosome substitution strains offer is that: (1) To be able to identify both dominant and recessive genes modulating liver injuries. (2) Genetically identical mouse availability to continue studying. (3) To investigate the contributions individually by decouple phenotypes.
Discovery of novel genes and pathways from chromosome substitution strains gives us insight to determine if single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with liver disease in human. This advancement shapes our way with developed novel therapies for the care and cure of liver disease in time and economical way.
